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两种手术方法治疗局限性肾癌的生存分析

时间:2022-04-04 10:27:41 浏览量:

zoޛ)j馝}ז大学附属医院532例进行肾脏手术的局限性肾癌(T1-T2N0M0)患者,分析其临床资料,并使用Kaplan-Meier和Cox比例风险回归模型进行生存分析。结果:532例患者行根治性肾切除术(RN)363例(68.2%),选择性肾部分切除术(ePN)136例(25.6%),强迫性肾部分切除(iPN)33例(6.2%)。对所有患者平均随访73个月。PN相较于RN,低分期肾癌、高分化肾癌、非透明细胞癌患者所占比例较大。5(10)年生存率分别为:ePN 91.3(75.1)%,iPN 83.7(57.1)%,RN 81.1(64.9)%(P<0.001)。包括年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、分化、组织学类型和手术年份的多因素分析显示,相较于RN,PN可作为一个独立的因素提高总生存率。结论:对于局灶性肾癌患者,PN比RN有更好的生存期,较大肿瘤(>4 cm)和年龄较大的患者同样受益于PN。

【关键词】 局限性肾癌; 保留肾单位手术; 根治性肾切除术; 总生存

【Abstract】 Objective:To evaluate the effects of partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy on the total survival rate of patients with localized renal cell carcinoma retrospectively.Method:There were 532 patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (T1-T2N0M0) of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from 1995 to 2015 in this research,and their Clinical data was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression model were applied for survival analysis.Result:The 532 patients with average 73 months followed up,including 363 patients (68.2%) for radical nephrectomy(RN),136 cases (25.6%) for elective partial nephrectomy(ePN),and 33 cases (6.2%) for imperative partial Nephrectomy (iPN).Compared with RN, PN was operated in a higher proportion of patients with low stage renal cell carcinoma, high differentiated renal cell carcinoma, and non clear cell carcinoma. Results of 5 (10) year survival rates were ePN 91.3 (75.1)%, iPN 83.7 (57.1)% and RN 81.1 (64.9)%(P<0.001).Based on an overall consideration of various factors such as age,gender,tumor size,differentiation,histological type and year of surgery,it showed that PN might be an independent factor to improve total survival rate compared with RN.Conclusion:PN has a higher survival rate than RN in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma or larger tumor (>4 cm)as well as in elder patients.

【Key words】 Localized renal cell carcinoma; Nephron-sparing surgery; Radical nephrectomy; Overall survival

First-author’s address:Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212000,China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2016.26.002

外科手术是局限性肾癌(T1-T2N0M0)的首选治疗方法[1],而切除肾肿瘤的方式包括保留肾功能的肾部分切除术(partial nephrectomy,PN)和根治性肾切除术(radical nephrectomy,RN)。保留肾功能的肾部分切除术,起先用于解剖性或功能性的孤立肾或者那些有远期肾功能减退的患者。然而随着技术的日益成熟,肾部分切除的使用范围大为增加,甚至应用于对侧肾功能正常的单侧局灶性肾癌[2],因其长期肿瘤结果等同于肾癌根治术[3]。结合有限的围手术期发病率,PN已成为T1aN0M0期肾癌的首选治疗方法[1,4]。一些学者认为PN在T1bN0M0甚至高风险肿瘤患者当中也是安全可行的[5]。这可能由于近期部分研究显示PN保留了肾功能和降低了心血管疾病的发生率[5-7],选择性肾部分切除术(elective partial nephrectomy,ePN)长期死亡率低于RN[7],以及保留肾单位手术患者术后生存质量优于根治性肾切除患者有关[8]。

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